Our studies were based on landscape and ecological investigations and aimed at determining the landscape and ecological potential of the territory of Moscow. The purpose was to implement into consider in the territorial planning of the city and to make proposals for a balanced and efficient development of the urban area, securing a comfortable living of the population, protection of the environment and cultural heritage, taking into account the interrelated development of Moscow and the Moscow region. The research involved basic landscape mapping, landscape- historical and landscape-ecological research, detailed analysis of natural, cultural and historic features of the city, assessment of landscapes (natural and anthropogenic) and the identification of conditions and factors limiting the development of the territory. The theoretical foundation of studies is the concept of landscape planning based on objectively existing local and regional physiographic differentiation, landscape structure, and functional zonation of the territory, which takes into account spatial distribution of landscapes and various grounds differing in special-purpose destination and use. It was for the first time that a series of original maps for the entire territory of Moscow was created at scale 1: 50 000, including the “Landscape map of Moscow”, “Map of the environmental framework”, maps of landscape and historical areas and complexes, consolidated analytical maps of “Urban development” and “Modern landscapes”. Proposals were developed for the rational use of the territory of Moscow and the placement of capital construction projects taking into account the protection of landscapes.