Geoinformation systems (GIS) serve as a key driver for the digital transformation of Earth sciences, providing powerful tools for spatial data analysis and geomodel visualization. Effective use of GIS needs a systematic approach that encompasses procedure standardization, clear definition of application scenarios, and structured formulation of requirements. The aim of this research was to identify and characterize the conditions encountered in developing spatial models using GIS. To achieve this goal, the modeling process is presented as a step by step algorithm, and the main groups of demands for each stage are outlined. The methodological foundation of the research relies on analytical and synthetic methods combined with systems analysis. Notably, domain specific methods are not only applied in the work but also serve as an object of analysis themselves. The study resulted with development of a generalized six-stage modeling algorithm, including goal setting, abstraction, model preparation, result interpretation, model validation and adjustment. Its key feature is an iterative nature: repeated cycles enable progressive refinement of the model, bringing it closer to the actual object of the study. Additionally, the multilevel groups of modeling conditions and constraints are systematized