In this article the experience of geoinformation mapping travel routes of P.S. Pallas and I.I. Lepekhin in Middle Volga region in 1768–1769 is described. On the basis of primary sources a detailed description of the routes was compiled. A special study, which included locating all localities listed by scientists in their works, and the reconstruction of the map displayed on the reality on the analyzed time period was performed. For these purposes various cartographic and literary materials were used. Particular attention is paid to geographical names of settlements and traffic routes. Using standard GIS software has greatly simplified the process of creating thematic maps. A database also allowed in ArcGIS GIS package to create a cartographic animation was formed.